Indian Polity is the first of the three parts of GS Paper II in the BPSC Mains (300 marks), alongside the Indian economy and geography, and the role of science and technology, each with Bihar’s angle. This page lists the 40 Polity topics we think matter most for the 72nd CCE Mains: the constitutional basics BPSC asks every year, plus the debates of the last few years. Topics shown as links have a full note on BPSC Guru; the rest are being added through the series.
The 72nd CCE prelims, last scheduled for 25 October 2026, was postponed by BPSC’s notice of 12 October 2026, and the new date is awaited. The Mains follows a few months after the prelims result, so there is time to work through these topics alongside prelims revision. Dates and official notices are tracked on the 72nd BPSC 2026 page.
How to use this list
- For each topic, fix three anchors: the Articles, two or three Supreme Court judgments, and one current or Bihar example.
- Write short answers: practise 150 to 250-word answers with an introduction, a body built on those anchors and a one-line way forward.
- Revise with questions: the same topics appear as statement-based MCQs in the prelims; see the Bihar polity and geography PYQs.
40 important Polity topics for BPSC Mains GS Paper II
- Preamble
- Constitution and Constitutionalism
- Constitutional Morality
- Transformative Constitutionalism
- Separation of Powers
- Basic Structure Doctrine
- Fundamental Rights
- Article 21
- Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
- Uniform Civil Code (UCC)
- Fundamental Duties
- President of India
- Vice-President of India
- Prime Minister, Chief Minister and Council of Ministers
- Parliament: Officers and Committees
- Anti-Defection Law
- Presidential System vs Parliamentary System
- Supreme Court and High Courts: Collegium, NJAC and Related Issues
- Judicial Review
- Judicial Activism, Public Interest Litigation (PIL) and Judicial Overreach
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
- Tribalization of Justice
- Criminalization of Politics
- Federalism
- Governor
- State Legislative Council
- Inter-State Boundary Disputes
- Elections: Constitutional Provisions, Model Code of Conduct (MCC), EVM, VVPAT, SIR, Electoral Funding and Representation of the People Act (RPA)
- Panchayati Raj
- Urban Local Bodies
- Emergency Provisions and President’s Rule
- Jammu and Kashmir
- Political Parties, Including Regional Parties
- Pressure Groups
- Caste and Politics
- Secularism and Hindutva
- Salient Features of the Indian Constitution
- Affirmative Action and Reservation, Including Recent Supreme Court Judgments
- Planning Commission and NITI Aayog
- Other Constitutional Dignitaries: Attorney General, Advocate General, Comptroller and Auditor General
Bihar examples worth knowing
- Ordinances: D.C. Wadhwa v. State of Bihar (1987) and Krishna Kumar Singh v. State of Bihar (2017) on repeated re-promulgation; see the President of India note.
- Governor and President’s Rule: Rameshwar Prasad v. Union of India (2006) held the 2005 dissolution of the Bihar Assembly unconstitutional; see the constitutionalism note.
- Panchayati Raj: in 2006 Bihar became the first state to reserve 50 per cent of panchayat seats for women.
- Reservation: the Bihar caste survey of 2023 and the Patna High Court’s June 2024 ruling striking down the increase of reservation to 65 per cent; see the caste survey note.
- Elections: the Election Commission’s Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Bihar’s electoral rolls in 2025.
- State Legislative Council: Bihar is one of the few states with a bicameral legislature (Article 169).
Frequently asked questions
Which part of BPSC Mains GS Paper II covers Indian Polity?
GS Paper II has three parts: Indian Polity, the Indian economy and geography of India, and the role of science and technology in the development of India and Bihar. Polity is the first part.
How many marks is BPSC Mains GS Paper II?
GS Paper II carries 300 marks and counts towards the final merit list, along with GS Paper I (300), the Essay (300) and the interview (120).